Anatomy/Knee%20Bone%20and%20Ligament%20Anatomy.png' alt='Anatomy Of Knee Lower Leg' title='Anatomy Of Knee Lower Leg' />Anatomy Of Knee MeniscusThe knee is a complex pivotal hinge joint that connects the bones in the upper and lower leg, comprised of muscle, ligaments, tendons, and the meeting of four bones. Knee Anatomy Bones, Muscles, Tendons, and Ligaments. The knee joint is part of the lower extremity. It is the junction of the thigh and the leg, and is a hinge joint. A hinge joint bends back and forth in one plane unlike the ball and socket joint of the hip. Anatomy Of Knee TendonsThe knee joint is commonly injured. Understanding the normal anatomy of the knee joint can help you understand the conditions that cause problems of the knee. Knee Anatomy. The knee joint is the largest joint in the body, consisting of 4 bones and an extensive network of ligaments and muscles. Bones of the knee joint. The knee is made up of four main bones. Different views of the normal anatomy of the knee. Bones. Three bones meet to form your knee joint your thighbone femur, shinbone tibia, and. Anatomy of the Knee. The knee is the largest joint in your body and one of the most easily injured. It is a pivotal hinge joint in the leg that allows for a variety of movements i. WebMDs Knee Anatomy Page provides a detailed image and definition of the knee and its parts including ligaments, bones, and muscles. Knee Anatomy. The femur thigh bone, tibia shin bone, patella knee cap, fibula smaller bone next to shin bone. Muscles, tendons and ligaments connect the knee bones. The kneecap glides in a groove in the thighbone and adds leverage to the thigh muscles, which are used to extend the leg. Bones Around the Knee. There are three bones that come together at the knee joint. The shin bone tibia, the thigh bone femur, and the kneecap patella are each important parts of the knee joint. A fourth bone, the fibula, is located just next to the shin bone tibia and knee joint, and can play an important role in some knee conditions. The tibia, femur, and patella, all are covered with a smooth layer of cartilage see below where they contact each other at the knee joint. There is also a small bone called a fabella, that is often located behind the knee joint. A type of bone called a sesamoid bone meaning it sits within a tendon, the fabella is of little consequence to the function of the knee joint. It is found in about 2. Cartilage of the Knee. There are two types of cartilage of the knee joint. Articular cartilage is the smooth lining that covers the end of the bone. When the smooth articular cartilage is worn away, knee arthritis is the result. Cartilage is a resilient structure that resists damage, but when injured it has a difficult time healing. The other type of cartilage in the knee joint is called the meniscus. When people talk about cartilage tears, they are usually referring to a meniscus tear. The meniscus is a shock absorber that sits between the end of the thigh bone and the top of the shin bone. Ligaments of the Knee. Ligaments are structures that connect two bones together. There are four major ligaments that surround the knee joint. Two of these ligaments are in the center of the joint, and they cross each other. These are called the cruciate ligaments, and consist of the anterior cruciate ligament, and the posterior cruciate ligament. One ligament is on each side of the knee joint the medial collateral ligament on the inner side, and the lateral collateral ligament on the outer side. Ligament injuries typically result in complaints of instability of the knee joint. Muscles and Tendons Surrounding the Knee. Muscles propel the knee joint back and forth. A tendon connects the muscle to the bone. When the muscle contracts, the tendons are pulled, and the bone is moved. Ashampoo Burning Studio 14 Crack Serial Number. The knee joint is most significantly affected by two major muscle groups. The quadriceps muscles provide strength and power with knee extension straightening and the hamstrings muscles allow for strength and power in flexion bending. The patellar tendon on the front of the knee is part of the quadriceps mechanism. Other smaller muscles and tendons surround the knee joint as well. Synovium and Synovial Fluid. The synovium is the lining of the joint space. The synovium is a layer of tissue that defines the joint space. The synovial cells produce a slippery, viscous fluid called synovial fluid within the joint. In conditions that cause inflammation of the joint, there can be an abundance of synovial fluid produced, that leads to swelling of the knee joint. Common Knee Injuries Ortho. Info AAOSCopyright 2. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. Common Knee Injuries. In 2. 01. 0, there were roughly 1. Knee injury is one of the most common reasons people see their doctors. Your knee is a complex joint with many components, making it vulnerable to a variety. Many knee injuries can be successfully treated with simple measures. Other injuries may require surgery to. The knee is the largest joint in the body, and one of the most easily injured. It. is made up of four main things bones, cartilage, ligaments, and tendons. Different views of the normal anatomy of the knee. Bones. Three bones meet to form your knee joint your thighbone femur, shinbone tibia. Articular cartilage. The ends of the femur and tibia, and the back of the patella are covered with articular. This slippery substance helps your knee bones glide smoothly across each. Meniscus. Two wedge shaped pieces of meniscal cartilage act as shock absorbers between your. Different from articular cartilage, the meniscus is tough and rubbery. When people talk about torn cartilage in. Ligaments. Bones are connected to other bones by ligaments. The four main ligaments in your. Collateral Ligaments. These are found on the sides of your knee. The medial collateral ligament is on. They. control the sideways motion of your knee and brace it against unusual movement. Cruciate ligaments. These are found inside your knee joint. They cross each other to form an X with. The cruciate ligaments control the back and forth motion of your knee. Tendons. Muscles are connected to bones by tendons. The quadriceps tendon connects the muscles. Stretching from your patella to your shinbone. Your knee is made up of many important structures, any of which can be injured. The. most common knee injuries include fractures around the knee, dislocation, and sprains. In many cases, injuries involve more than. Pain and swelling are the most common signs of knee injury. In addition, your knee. Many knee injuries cause instability the feeling that your. Fractures. The most common bone broken around the knee is the patella. The ends of the femur. Many fractures. around the knee are caused by high energy trauma, such as falls from significant heights. Patellar fracture. For more information about common fractures of the knee. Patellar Kneecap Fractures. Patellar Kneecap Fractures topic. A0. 05. 23Distal Femur Thighbone Fractures of the Knee. Distal Femur Thighbone Fractures of the Knee topic. A0. 05. 26Fractures of the Proximal Tibia ShinboneFractures of the Proximal Tibia Shinbone topic. A0. 03. 93Dislocation. A dislocation occurs when the bones of the knee are out of place, either completely. For example, the femur and tibia can be forced out of alignment, and. Dislocations can be caused by an abnormality. In people who have normal knee structure, dislocations. Patellar dislocation. Reproduced with permission from The Body Almanac. American Academy of Orthopaedic. Surgeons, 2. 00. 3. For more information about knee dislocation. Unstable Kneecap. Unstable Kneecap topic. A0. 03. 50Patellar Dislocation and Instability in Children Unstable KneecapPatellar Dislocation and Instability in Children Unstable Kneecap topic. A0. 07. 07Anterior Cruciate Ligament ACL Injuries. The anterior cruciate ligament is often injured during sports activities. Athletes. who participate in high demand sports like soccer, football, and basketball are more. Changing direction rapidly or. ACL. About half of all injuries to the. Anterior cruciate ligament tear. For more information about ACL injuries. Anterior Cruciate Ligament ACL Injuries. Anterior Cruciate Ligament ACL Injuries topic. A0. 05. 49ACL Injury Does It Require SurgeryACL Injury Does It Require Surgery A0. Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries. The posterior cruciate ligament is often injured from a blow to the front of the knee. This often occurs in motor vehicle crashes and sports related. Posterior cruciate ligament tears tend to be partial tears with the potential. Posterior cruciate ligament tear shown from back of knee. For more information about PCL injuries. Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries. Posterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries topic. A0. 04. 20Collateral Ligament Injuries. Injuries to the collateral ligaments are usually caused by a force that pushes the. These are often contact injuries. Injuries to the MCL are usually caused. Blows to. the inside of the knee that push the knee outwards may injure the lateral collateral. Lateral collateral ligament tears occur less frequently than other knee. Tears of the medial and lateral collateral ligaments. For more information about collateral ligament injuries. Collateral Ligament Injuries. Collateral Ligament Injuries topic. A0. 05. 50Meniscal Tears. Sudden meniscal tears often happen during sports. Tears in the meniscus can occur. Meniscal tears may also occur. Just an awkward twist when getting up from a chair. Meniscal tear. For more information about meniscal tears. Meniscus Tears. Meniscus Tears topic. A0. 03. 58Tendon Tears. The quadriceps and patellar tendons can be stretched and torn. Although anyone can. Falls, direct force to the front of the knee, and landing awkwardly. For more information about tendon tears. Patellar Tendon Tear. Patellar Tendon Tear topic. A0. 05. 12Quadriceps Tendon Tear. Quadriceps Tendon Tear topic. A0. 02. 94When you are first injured, the RICE method rest, ice, gentle compression and elevation. Be sure to seek treatment as soon as possible, especially if you Hear a popping noise and feel your knee give out at the time of injury. Have severe pain. Cannot move the knee. Begin limping. Have swelling at the injury site. The type of treatment your doctor recommends will depend on several factors, such. Nonsurgical Treatment. Many knee injuries can be treated with simple measures, such as Immobilization. Your doctor may recommend a brace to prevent your knee from moving. If you have fractured. To further protect. Physical therapy. Specific exercises will restore function to your knee and strengthen the leg muscles. Non steroidal anti inflammatory medicines. Drugs like aspirin and ibuprofen reduce pain and swelling. Surgical Treatment. Many fractures and injuries around the knee require surgery to fully restore function. In some cases such as many ACL tears surgery can be done arthroscopically. Many injuries require open surgery. Left Knee arthroscopy. Right Close up of an arthroscopic meniscal surgery. SOURCE Department of Research Scientific Affairs, American Academy of Orthopaedic. Surgeons. Rosemont, IL AAOS February 2. Based on data from the National Ambulatory. Medical Care Survey, 2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Last reviewed March 2. AAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians referenced. This information is provided as an educational service and is not intended. Anyone seeking specific orthopaedic advice or assistance. 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